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发-变组运行规程

发布时间：2011/1/23 阅读次数：7978 字体大小: 【小】【中】【大】

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目录
　　Table of Contents
　　3.1 发-变组运行手册 1
　　3.1 OPERATION MANUAL OF GENERATOR-TRANSFORMER UNIT 1
　　3.1.1 范围 1
　　3.1.1 SCOPE 1
　　3.1.2 规范性引用文件 1
　　3.1.2 SPECIFIED REFERENCE 1
　　3.1.3 概述及技术规范 2
　　3.1.3 OVERVIEW AND TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 2
　　3.1.4 发-变组继电保护及同期装置 23
　　3.1.4 GENERATOR-TRANSFORMER UNIT RELAY PROTECTION AND SYNCHRONIZATION 23
　　3.1.5 发-变组的启动 38
　　3.1.5 GENERATOR-TRANSFORMER UNIT STARTUP 38
　　3.1.6 发-变组的运行维护 50
　　3.1.6 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF GENERATOR-TRANSFORMER UNIT 50
　　3.1.7 发-变组的停止 62
　　3.1.7 SHUTDOWN OF GENERATOR-TRANSFORMER UNIT 62
　　3.1.8 发-变组异常运行及事故处理 67
　　3.1.8 ABNORMAL OPERATION AND EMERGENCY TREATMENT FOR GENERATOR -TRANSFORMER 67
　　
　　
　　3.1 发-变组运行手册
　　3.1 Operation Manual of generator-transformer unit
　　3.1.1 范围
　　3.1.1 Scope
　　本运行手册规定了光照3×330MW 燃煤电站项目发电机组设备规范、机组启动、正常运行调整及维护、机组停运、事故处理、辅助设备运行操作和机组联锁保护试验等。
　　This O&M Manual covers the equip. Specifications, unit start-up, regulation and maintenance during normal operation, unit shutdown, trouble-shooting, operation of aux. Equip. And interactive protection test of INDRAMAYU 3×330MW Coal-fired Power Plant.
　　本运行手册适用于光照3×330MW 燃煤电站项目汽轮发电机组设备、系统的运行和事故处理，凡从事该机组运行、检修及管理的人员均应熟悉或掌握本手册的全部或部分内容。
　　This manual is only suitable for the operation of the STG equip., unit, operation and maintenance, trouble-shooting. Thus, any one that will join the operation, maintenance and management should be familiar with the whole or part of this manual.
　　3.1.2 规范性引用文件
　　3.1.2 Specified Reference
　　下列文件中的条款通过本手册的引用而成为本手册的条款。凡是注日期的引用文件，其随后所有的修改单（不包括勘误的内容）或修订版均不适用于本标准，然而，鼓励根据本标准达成协议的各方研究是否可使用这些文件的最新版本。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本适用于本标准。
　　Some of the terms in this manual have been quoted from the documents below. Any one of them with a date is used without accepting the edition list (except the correction) or the edited version after that date whereas it should be encouraged that both parties shall discuss if the latest version of these documents should be applied. The latest versions of the documents herein without a date are accepted for this manual.
　　《防止电气误操作装置管理规定》国家电网安监[2006]904号
　　Regulations to Prevent Incorrect Electrical Operations [2006] No.904 State Grid Safe Production Supervisory
　　《防止电气生产重大事故的二十五项重点要求》国家电力公司[2000]
　　25 Requirements for Preventing Severe Accidents during Power Generation National Electrical Power Corporation [2000]
　　《发电机运行规程》国电发[1999]579号
　　Regulation on Generator Operation National Electrical Power Co. [1999] No.579
　　《汽轮发电机技术条件》 SD 270—88
　　Technical Conditions of STG SD 270—88
　　《继电保护及安全自动装置运行管理规程》 (82)水电生字第11号
　　Regulations on Operation & Management of Relay Protections & Automatic Devices (82) Hydraulic Power Generation No.11
　　《高压断路器运行规程》电供[1991]30号
　　Regulation on HV Circuit Breaker Operation Utility (1991) No.30
　　《变电站运行导则》 DL/T 969-2005
　　Guideline on Sub-station Operation DL/T 969-2005
　　《电力变压器运行规程》 DL/T 572-95
　　Regulation on Electrical Transformer Operation DL/T 572-95
　　《电力电缆运行规程》（79）电生字第53号
　　Regulation on Electrical Cable Operation Power Generation No.53
　　《电力设备预防性试验规程》 DL/T 596-1996
　　Regulation on Preventive Test for Electrical Equip. DL/T 596-1996
　　《电力系统用蓄电池直流电源装置运行及维护技术规程》 DL/T 724-2000
　　Regulation on Technology of O&M of DC Power Device of Batteries for Electrical System
　　《继电保护及安全自动装置运行管理规程》西电调字(1993)7号
　　Regulations on Operation & Management of Relay Protections & Auto Safety Devices Western Power Dispatch No. 7 (1993)
　　《微机继电保护装置运行管理规程》 DL/T 587-96
　　Regulations on Operation & Management of Micro-computerized Relay Protection Device DL/T 587-96
　　《干式电力变压器技术参数和要求》 GB/T 10228-1997
　　Technical Parameters & Requirements of Dry-type Electrical Transformer GB/T 10228-1997
　　《干式电力变压器》 GB 6450-86
　　Dry-type Electrical Transformer GB 6450-86
　　《电业安全工作规程(发电厂和变电所电气部分)》 DL408-91
　　Power Industry Safety Code (Electrical Part of Power Plant & Sub-station) DL408-91
　　3.1.3 概述及技术规范
　　3.1.3 Overview and Technical Specifications
　　印度尼西亚INDRAMAYU电厂工程位于西爪哇省Indramayu Regency市Sukara区Sumuradem村，位于雅加达以东约180公里。
　　The Indramayu Project is constructed in Sumuradem village of Sukara district in the city of Indramayu Regency in Western Java and is located approximately 180km to the east of Jakarta.
　　INDRAMAYU电厂安装3×330MW国产亚临界燃煤湿冷发电机组，电厂内设150kV配电装置，出4回线路接入印尼150kV系统。
　　3×330MW sub-critical coal-fired water cooling generation units are installed in Indramayu power plant where 150kV switchgear is equipped and four outgoing lines are connected with the 150kV system of Indonesia.
　　本工程燃用来自Sumatera和Kalimantan的煤炭，驳船运输进厂，厂内设煤码头。
　　The coal for this project comes from Sumatera and Kalimantan and is lightered into the coal port in the power plant.
　　冷却系统采用海水直流冷却，冷却水取自爪哇海的海水。厂内设置海水淡化站，以海水淡化后的生水作为生活用水和锅炉补充用水。
　　The cooling system adopts seawater flow cooling for which the water is obtained from Java Sea. One water desalination station is available in the power plant and the treated water is used as the raw water for living and water supply of boiler.
　　机组主要承担基本负荷，并具有一定的调峰能力(30%～90%范围)。
　　The units mainly carry the basic load and is capable of peak regulation in certain scope(30%～90%).
　　设备日利用小时数：20小时
　　Daily availability of equip. in hrs: 20h
　　设备年利用小时数：6000小时
　　Annual availability of equip. in hrs: 6000h
　　锅炉为北京巴布科克.威尔科克斯有限公司提供的1050t/h，亚临界压力、一次中间再热、单炉膛、自然循环、平衡通风、固态排渣、前后墙对冲燃烧、汽包型燃煤锅炉，露天布置，全钢构架。
　　The boiler in use, which is provided by Babcock & Wilcox Company, is designed in this way: it is of sub-critical pressure, primary intermediate reheating, single furnace, natural circulation, balanced ventilation, solid slag discharge, cross firing between the front and rear wall, steam drum coal-fired boiler, outdoor arrangement with a whole steel framework.
　　汽轮机由北京北重汽轮电机有限公司提供的330MW亚临界参数、一次中间再热、单轴三缸双排汽凝汽式汽轮机。型号：N330-17.75/540/540
　　The turbine, which is produced by Beijing Beizhong STG Corporation, is of 330MW sub-critical parameters, primary intermediate reheating. This condensate-type steam turbine is of primary intermediate reheating and has one single shaft, 3 casings and dual exhaust ?. Its model is N330-17.75/540/540.
　　发电机由北京北重汽轮电机有限公司提供的QFSN-350-2型自并励静止励磁、水-氢-氢冷却的发电机组。
　　The QFSN-350-2 generator provided by Beijing Beizhong STG Corporation is of self-shunt static excitation with H2O-H2-H2 cooling.
　　3.1.3.1 发-变组及自并励励磁系统概述及技术规范
　　3.1.3.1 Overview and Technical Specifications for generator-transformer unit and Self-shunt Excitation System
　　3.1.3.1.1 发电机-变压器组接线概述
　　3.1.3.1.1 General Description about Connection of generator-transformer unit
　　3台330MW汽轮发电机组，以发电机-变压器组单元接线型式接入厂内150kV配电装置。发电机出线端和中性点端的出线套管各装设4组电流互感器，发电机出线端配置3组电压互感器和1组避雷器，发电机中性点经单相接地变压器二次侧电阻接地。发电机与主变压器之间的连接采用全连式离相封闭母线，高压厂用变压器和励磁变压器由发电机与主变低压侧之间引接。发电机励磁采用静态自并励系统。
　　Three 330MW STG units are connected with the 150kV switchgear in form of generator-transformer unit. 4 CTs are installed at the bushings on the generator outgoing side and neutral point side respectively. 3 PTs and 1 surge arrester are equipped on the generator outgoing side. The generator neutral point is earthed via a single transformer whose secondary is connected with a shunt resistor, one end of the resistor is earthed. In addition, the generator is connected with the transformer with whole connection isolated-phase enclosed bus and the HV aux. TR. as well as the excitation TR. is connected from between the generator and the main TR.. The exciter adopts static self-shunt excitation system.
　　150kV配电装置采用采用3/2断路器接线方式，3台发电机组经主变压器升压接入150kV母。全厂设置2台起动/备用变压器，作为电厂机组起动和备用电源，由150kV配电装置母线引接。设置1台150/20kV城市供电变压器（TFT）由150kV母线引接。150kV系统共有3回发-变组进线，2回起备变出线，1回TFT出线，4回线路出线，组成5个完整串。除过TFT外，所有变压器进线及出线回路均装设三相电压互感器，在150kV母线装设单相电压互感器。
　　The 150kV switchgear adopts one and a half CB connection and the 3 generators set are stepped up by 3 main power transformers and then connected to the 150kV bus. 2 set of start-up/standby transformers are installed in the plant, serving as plant start-up and standby power source, which are energized from the 150KV bus. Also, one 150/20kV TFT is equipped, which is originated from the 150kV bus. For the 150kV system, there are totally 3 in-coming lines are available for generator-transformer unit, 2 outgoing lines for SST, one outgoing for TFT and 4 outgoing lines. Therefore, forming 5 complete incoming and outgoing loop. Except the TFT, all the transformers are fitted with 3-phase PTs for in-coming and outgoing lines. Additional, single phase PTs are fitted for the 150kV bus system.
　　150kV配电装置采用屋外中型布置型式，为了减小配电装置纵向尺寸，加长横向尺寸以利于变压器能够直接架空进线，断路器采用双列布置，每一串的进出线回路占用2个间隔。在母线的两端设置母线接地开关。
　　The 150kV switchgear adopts outdoor intermediate-type layout to decrease the vertical size and extent it transversely so that the transformer can be directly connected with the overhead in-coming. The CB are arranged in 2 columns and each bunch of in-coming and outgoing occupies 2 chambers. For each bus, 2 earthing disconnectors are installed on the both ends.
　　3.1.3.1.2 发电机技术规范
　　3.1.3.1.2 Technical Specifications of Generator
　　发电机由北京北重汽轮电机有限公司提供的QFSN-350-2型自并励静止励磁、水-氢-氢冷却的发电机组。
　　The generator provided by Beijing Beizhong STG Corporation is of self-shunt static excitation, H2O-H2-H2 cooling. Its model is QFSN-350-2.
　　型号
　　Model T255-460（QFSN-350-2型）
　　T255-460（QFSN-350-2 Type）
　　额定电压
　　Rated Voltage 24kV
　　电压波动
　　Voltage Fluctuation ±5％
　　额定功率因数
　　Rated Power Factor 0.85
　　额定功率
　　Rated Power 330MW
　　视在功率
　　Apparent Power 388MVA
　　最大连续输出容量
　　Max. Continuous Output 347MVA
　　额定电流
　　Rated Current 9339A
　　额定转速
　　Rated Rotation Speed 3000r／min
　　额定效率
　　Rated Efficient 98.85％
　　额定励磁电压
　　Rated Excitation Voltage 542V
　　额定励磁电流
　　Rated Excitation Current 2495A
　　相数
　　Number of Phases 3相
　　3
　　极数
　　Number of Poles 2极
　　2
　　额定频率
　　Rated Frequency 50Hz
　　稳态负序电流
　　Stable Negative Sequence Current I2/In=12%
　　暂态负序电流
　　Transient Negative Sequence Current （I2/In）2t=10s
　　励磁方式
　　Excitation Mode 机端自并励
　　Self-shunt Excitation from Generator Side
　　定子绕组联接组别
　　Stator Winding Vector Group Y
　　绝缘等级
　　Insulation Level F级
　　F
　　生产厂家有限责任公司
　　Manufacturer 北京北重汽轮电机
　　Beijing Beizhong STG Corporation
　　
　　3.1.3.1.3 发电机冷却系统规范
　　3.1.3.1.3 Technical Specifications for Generator Cooling System
　　发电机采用水-氢-氢的冷却方式，发电机定子绕组采用水内冷，转子绕组与定子铁芯采用氢气冷却方式。发电机内部为密闭循环通风系统，氢气由外部氢系统供给，并经发电机两侧的四个氢气冷却器冷却。定子线圈的冷却水由外部独立循环的内冷水系统供给。
　　The generator adopts H2O-H2-H2 cooling mode which means the stator windings are cooled by internal water, the rotor winding and stator core are cooled by H2. The inside of the generator is one sealed circulative ventilation system and H2, which is cooled by the 4 coolers at both ends of the generator, is filled into the generator by the external H2 system. In addition, the stator winding cooling water comes from the independent external circulative internal cooling water system.
　　3.1.3.1.3.1定子绕组的冷却
　　3.1.3.1.3.1Cooling of Stator Windings
　　
　　冷却方式
　　Cooling Mode 直接冷却
　　Direct Cooling
　　冷却介质
　　Cooling Medium 除盐水
　　Desalinated Water
　　定子绕组水流量
　　Water Flow in Stator Winding 60m3/h
　　出线端子水流量
　　Water Flow at Outlet End 9m3/h
　　定子绕组进口水温
　　Inlet Water Temp. of Stator Winding <45℃
　　定子绕组出口水温
　　Outlet Water Temp. of Stator Winding <60℃
　　定冷水导电率
　　Conductivity of Stator Cooling Water <0.5ms/cm
　　定冷水PH值
　　PH of Stator Cooling Water 7～8
　　定冷水硬度
　　Hardness of Stator Cooling Water <2×10-3mol/m3
　　定冷水机械杂质
　　Mechanical Impurity of Stator Cooling Water <5mm
　　定冷水冷却器台数
　　Quantity of Stator Coolers 4
　　冷却器冷却水流量
　　Water Flow of Stator Cooler 120t/h
　　冷却器冷却水入口温度
　　Inlet Water Temp. of Cooler 正常20℃ 最高33℃
　　20℃ as normal 33℃ as Max.
　　冷却器冷却水出口温度
　　Outlet Water Temp. of Cooler 正常28.7℃ 最高41.7℃
　　20℃ as normal 33℃ as Max.
　　
　　3.1.3.1.3.2 定子铁芯和转子绕组的冷却
　　3.1.3.1.3.2 Cooling of Stator Core and Rotor Winding
　　冷却方式
　　Cooling Mode 表面冷却
　　Surface Cooling
　　冷却介质
　　Cooling Medium H2
　　氢气压力
　　H2 Pressure 0.3MPa
　　氢气纯度
　　H2 Purity 98%
　　氢气流量
　　H2 Flow 36m3/h
　　氢冷器数量
　　Quantity of H2 Coolers 4
　　布置方式
　　Layout 轴向
　　Axial
　　冷却器冷却水流量
　　Water Flow in Cooler 325t/h
　　总冷却面积
　　Total Cooling Area 736m2
　　冷却器冷却水额定温度
　　Rated Temp. of Cooling Water of Cooler 26.7℃
　　冷却器冷却水最高温度
　　Max. Temp. of Cooling Water 39.7℃
　　水室压降
　　Pressure Drop of Water Chamber 0.05Mpa(0.5bar)
　　冷氢温度
　　Cold H2 Temp. 30℃(水温20℃) 43℃(水温33℃)
　　30℃(Water Temp. at 20℃) 43℃(Water Temp. at 33℃)
　　热氢温度
　　Hot H2 Temp. 44℃(20℃) 57℃(水温33℃)
　　44℃(Water Temp. at 20℃) 57℃(Water Temp. at 33℃)
　　3.1.3.1.4 励磁系统概述及其技术规范
　　3.1.3.1.4 Overview & Technical Specifications of Excitation System
　　#1、#2、#3发电机组励磁系统均采用自并励静止励磁系统，通过励磁变压器从发电机机端取得励磁电源，为高起始快速响应系统。随发电机配套体提供励磁设备，主要技术指标为：
　　Static self-shunt excitation system is used for unit #1, #2 and #3. In this system, excitation power is obtained from the generator output via one excitation transformer and it is one quick responding system with high initiation. The excitation equip. are provided with the generator as a whole set. The parameters are shown as follows:
　　顶值电压倍数：
　　Peak Voltage Multiple: ≥2.0
　　强励时间：
　　Forced Excitation Duration: ≥20s
　　响应时间：
　　Response time: ≤0.1s (高起始响应)
　　≤0.1s(High Initiation Response)
　　励磁系统主要由励磁变压器、励磁整流柜、磁场开关柜、发电机起励和励磁调节器柜等装置，以及监测、保护、报警辅助装置组成。
　　The excitation system consists of one excitation transformer, a rectifier panel, a magnetic field CB panel, one AVR panel as well as devices such as monitor, protections and alarms.
　　3.1.3.1.4.1 励磁变压器
　　3.1.3.1.4.1 Excitation Transformer
　　励磁变压器采用励磁系统配套干式变压器，能满足机组正常运行及强励时的需要。满足发电机做空载、短路试验的需要，参数如下：
　　One dry-type transformer, which is provided with the excitation system as a whole set, is used as the excitation transformer to meet the demand of normal unit operation and forced excitation. Also, needs of no-load test and short-circuit test can be satisfied. Parameters of this transformer are listed as follows:
　　型式
　　Type 单相干式变压器组
　　Single Phase Dry-type Transformer
　　容量
　　Capacity 4313KVA
　　满载二次侧电流
　　Full-load Current on Secondary Side 3000A
　　满载二次侧电压
　　Full-load Voltage on Secondary Side 900V
　　额定电压
　　Rated Voltage 24／1.08kv
　　频率
　　Frequency 50Hz
　　联结方式
　　Connection models Y,d11
　　阻抗
　　Impedance 8％
　　冷却方式
　　Cooling Mode 自然风冷/强迫风冷
　　Natural/Forced Air Cooling/Forced
　　3.1.3.1.4.2 励磁整流柜
　　3.1.3.1.4.2 Rectifier Panel for Excitation
　　可控硅整流装置并联可控硅元件有1/4并联支路退出运行时能满足发电机强励要求，有1/2并联支路退出运行时能保证发电机在额定工况下连续运行。
　　If 1/4 of the parallel thyristor elements of the rectifier is out of operation, the demand for forced excitation can still be satisfied; if 1/2 of the parallel thyristor elements of is out of operation, the generator can operate under the rated working condition continuously.
　　整流柜采用强迫风冷，采用可靠的低噪声风机，留有100%的备用容量，在风压或风量不足时备用风机能自动投入。提供2路冷却风机电源，2路电源能够自动切换。
　　The rectifier panel adopts forced air cooling mode and one reliable low noise air fan with 100% of spare capacity and the backup air fan can start up automatically. Besides, two power supplies which can be switched over to the other automatically are available for the cooling fans.
　　3.1.3.1.4.3 磁场开关柜
　　3.1.3.1.4.3 Magnetic Field CB Panel
　　发电机灭磁采用逆变和灭磁开关（直流式）两种方式。并设有转子过压保护装置。
　　The generator de-excitation adopts the inversion mode and de-excitation CB (DC) mode. Moreover, one rotor overvoltage protection device is installed.
　　3.1.3.1.4.4 发电机起励
　　3.1.3.1.4.4 Initial Excitation of Generator
　　起励电源容量满足发电机建压大于10%额定电压的要求。起励成功后或失败时，起励回路均能自动退出。起励电源采用交流。
　　The AC initial excitation power should help the generator establish a voltage of more than 10% of the rated value. Whenever the initial excitation is finished or has failed, the initial excitation circuit should be out of operation automatically.
　　3.1.3.1.4.5 励磁调节器（AVR）柜
　　3.1.3.1.4.5 AVR Panel
　　励磁调节器（AVR）采用广州擎天电气控制实业有限公司生产的EXC9000型微机励磁调节器。
　　The adopted microcomputer AVR of which the model is EXC9000 is provided by Electrical Control Sub-company of Guangzhou Kinte Industry Co., Ltd.
　　AVR采用微机/微机/模拟三通道双模冗余结构，由两个自动电压调节通道（A、B）和一个手动调节通道（C）组成，这三个通道从测量回路到脉冲输出回路完全独立。调节通道以主从方式工作，其中一个自动电压调节通道作为主通道，另一个自动电压调节通道作为第一备用通道，手动调节通道作为第二备用通道。各备用通道可自动跟踪，保证无扰动切换。设置AVR与DCS接口，实现控制室内对AVR的远方控制。调节器通道组合比较灵活，共计有三通道、双微机、微机/模拟、自动/手动等四种组合。
　　The AVR adopts the structure of microcomputer/microcomputer/analogue 3-channel 2-module redundancy. The 3 channels are composed by 2 auto voltage regulation channels (A, B) and one manual regulation channel (C) and those three channels have their independent measurement circuit and pulse output circuit. The regulation channel operates in the main-bypass mode which means one of them works as the main channel, the other one as the first backup channel and the manual regulation channel as the second backup channel. What’s more, each channel is capable of automatic tracing to ensure switchover without disturbance. One interface between AVR and DCS is available which can actualize remote control for AVR in control centre. One more characteristic for AVR is that the combination of channels is flexible and totally 4 combinations are available which are 3 channels, dual microcomputer, microcomputer / analogue, auto/manual.
　　运行方式：恒发电机机端电压的自动调节功能、恒发电机转子电流的手动调节功能、叠加的恒无功调节、叠加的恒功率因数调节。
　　Operation mode: constant auto regulation of generator output voltage, constant manual regulation of generator rotor current, superposed constant reactive power regulation and superposed constant power factor regulation.
　　起励控制：采用快速脉冲列技术以实现残压起励。在起励过程中，在可控硅整流器的输入端仅需要约10V～20V的电压即可正常工作。如果电压低于10V～20V，可控硅整流器就会被连续地触发（二极管工作模式）以达到该值。然而，如果在5秒内残压起励失败，则起动备用起励回路。这个备用回路设计用于达到所需要的10V～20V电压。在机端电压达到发电机电压的10%时，备用起励回路自动退出，立即开始软起励过程并建压到预定的电压水平。整个起励过程和顺序控制是通过调节器实现的。备用起励回路为模块化结构，包括空气开关、起励接触器、导向二极管、限流电阻。
　　Initial excitation control: the residual voltage excitation initiation is actualized with quick pulse column. During the process of initial excitation, only 10V～20V is needed into the inlet end for the thyristor for normal operation. But the thyristor will be constantly triggered (diode operation mode) to reach 10V～20V if the voltage is not adequate. However, if the residual voltage excitation initiation fails within 5 sec, the backup excitation circuit will be put into service which is used to provide the needed voltage of 10V～20V. When the generator output voltage climbs to 10% of the rated value, the backup initial excitation circuit will activated automatically. Next, the soft excitation will be started to establish the rated voltage level. The entire process and sequential control are actualized by AVR. In addition, the backup initial excitation circuit is of module structure consisting of a vacuum CB, one initial excitation contactor, one diode and one current limiting resistor.
　　3.1.3.1.4.7 励磁装置的限制功能
　　3.1.3.1.4.7 Limitation Functions of Excitation Device:
　　V/f限制；
　　V/F Limitation
　　过励限制；
　　Over-excitation Limitation
　　欠励限制；
　　Under-excitation Limitation
　　定子电流限制；
　　Stator Current Limitation
　　最大磁场电流限制；
　　Max. Magnetic Field Current Limitation
　　最小磁场电流限制。
　　Min. Magnetic Field Current Limitation
　　P/Q限制器
　　P/Q Limiter
　　电力系统稳定器（PSS功能）
　　Power System Stabilizer
　　3.1.3.1.4.8 励磁装置的监测功能
　　3.1.3.1.4.8 Monitoring Function of Excitation Device
　　PT断线；
　　PT Wire break
　　电源故障；
　　Power Supply Fault
　　调节器软件故障；
　　Software Fault of AVR
　　调节器硬件故障；
　　Hardware Fault of AVR
　　脉冲故障；
　　Pulse Fault
　　整流桥故障报警；
　　Alarm for rectifier Bridge Fault
　　转子过热报警；
　　Alarm for Rotor Overheating
　　励磁变超温报警；
　　Alarm for Over-temperature Excitation Transformer
　　通讯故障报警。
　　Communication Fault alarm
　　3.1.3.1.4.9 励磁装置的保护功能
　　3.1.3.1.4.9 Protective Function for Excitation Device
　　V/f保护；
　　V/F Protection
　　整流桥内部短路跳闸；
　　Rectification Bridge Internal Short-circuited trip
　　整流桥过载跳闸；
　　Rectification Bridge Overload Trip
　　转子过热跳闸；
　　Rotor Overheat Trip
　　转子接地跳闸；
　　Grounded Rotor trip
　　转子过电压跳闸；
　　Rotor Over-voltage Trip
　　转子过流保护；
　　Rotor Overcurrent Trip
　　失磁保护；
　　Excitation Loss Protection
　　励磁变过流保护；
　　excitation transformer over-current Protection
　　励磁变超温跳闸
　　Excitation Transformer overheating Trip.
　　交流侧过电压保护
　　Over-voltage Protection on AC Side
　　直流侧过电压保护
　　Over-voltage Protection on DC Side
　　3.1.3.1.4.10 励磁装置的其它功能
　　3.1.3.1.4.10 Other Functions of AVR
　　软起励；
　　Soft Initial Excitation
　　残压起励；
　　Residual Voltage Initial Excitation
　　有功和无功补偿；
　　Compensation for Active and Reactive Power
　　系统电压跟踪；
　　Network Voltage Tracing
　　通道之间自动跟踪；
　　Auto Tracing between Channels
　　故障智能检测和自动切换；
　　Intelligent Fault Detection and Auto Switchover
　　容错控制；
　　Tolerance Control
　　故障录波和故障记录；
　　Fault Oscillograph and Recording
　　辅助调试和试验功能；
　　Commissioning and Testing
　　智能均流、智能封脉冲。
　　Intelligent Current Equalizing and Intelligent Pulse Blocking
　　3.1.3.1.5 主变压器技术规范
　　3.1.3.1.5 Technical Specifications of Main Transformer
　　型号
　　Model SFP—400000/150
　　额定容量
　　Rated Capacity 400MVA
　　额定电压
　　Rated Voltage 150±2×2.5%/24kV
　　连接组别
　　Connection mode Yn，d11
　　相数
　　Number of Phases 三相
　　3
　　额定频率
　　Rated Frequency 50Hz
　　冷却方式
　　Cooling Mode 强迫油循环风冷
　　Forced Oil Circulation Air-cooling
　　空载损耗
　　No-load loss №1主变193.91kW
　　Main TR. No.1 193.91kW
　　 №2主变197.38kW
　　Main TR. No.2 197.38kW
　　 №3主变197.38kW
　　Main TR. No.3 197.38kW
　　阻抗电压
　　Impedance Voltage №1主变14%
　　Main TR. No.1 14%
　　 №2主变14%
　　Main TR. No.2 14%
　　 №3主变14%
　　Main TR. No.3 14%
　　空载电流
　　No-load Current №1主变0.17%
　　Main TR. No.1 0.17%
　　 №2主变0.19%
　　Main TR. No.2 0.19%
　　 №3主变0.17%
　　Main TR. No.3 0.17%
　　负载损耗
　　On-load loss №1主变833.57kW
　　Main TR. No.1 833.57kW
　　 №2主变839.59kW
　　Main TR. No.2 839.59kW
　　 №3主变833.57kW
　　Main TR. No.3 833.57kW
　　调压方式
　　Tap Changing Mode 无载调压
　　No-load Tap Changing
　　油面温升
　　Oil Surface Temp. Rising 55K
　　中性点接地方式
　　Earthing Mode of Neutral Point 直接接地，
　　Direct
　　生产厂家
　　Manufacturer 保定天威保变电气股份有限公司
　　Baoding Tianwei Baobian Electric Co., Ltd
　　
　　3.1.3.1.6 厂用高压变压器技术规范
　　3.1.3.1.6 Technical Specifications of HV Aux. HV Transformer
　　型号
　　Model SFF-CY-40000/24 TH
　　额定容量
　　Rated Capacity 40/25-25MVA
　　额定电压
　　Rated Voltage 24±2×2.5%/6.3-6.3kV
　　额定频率
　　Rated Frequency 50Hz
　　额定电流
　　Rated Current 962.3/2291.1-2291.1A
　　相数
　　Number of Phases 三相
　　3
　　空载电流
　　No-load Current №1厂高变0.19%
　　HV Aux. TR. No.1 0.19%
　　№2厂高变0.26%
　　HV Aux. TR. No.2 0.26%
　　№3厂高变0.19%
　　HV Aux. TR. No.3 0.19%
　　半穿越阻抗电压
　　Transitional Impedance Voltage №1厂高变17.0%、16.9%
　　HV Aux. TR. No.1 17.0%, 16.9%
　　№2厂高变17.1%、16.7%
　　HV Aux. TR. No.2 17.1%, 16.7%
　　№3厂高变17.0%、16.9%
　　HV Aux. TR. No.3 17.0%, 16.9%
　　冷却方式
　　Cooling Mode 自然油循环风冷 ONAN/ONAF
　　Natural Oil Circulation Air-cooling ONAN/ONAF
　　温升极限
　　Temp. Rising Limit 绕组
　　Winding 60K
　　顶层油温
　　Upper Layer Oil Temp. 50K
　　调压方式
　　Tap Changing Mode 无载调压
　　No-load Tap Changing
　　连接组别
　　Vector Group D,yn1-yn1
　　空载损耗
　　No-load loss №1厂高变29.6kW
　　HV Aux. TR. No.1 29.6kW
　　№2厂高变33.1kW
　　HV Aux. TR. No.2 33.1kW
　　№3厂高变29.6kW
　　HV Aux. TR. No.3 29.6kW
　　负载损耗
　　On-load loss
　　 №1厂高变280.2kW
　　HV Aux. TR. No.1 280.2kW
　　№2厂高变198.5kW
　　HV Aux. TR. No.2 198.5kW
　　№3厂高变280.2kW
　　HV Aux. TR. No.3 280.2kW
　　中性点接地方式
　　Earthing Mode of Neutral Point 经18.18Ω中值电阻接地
　　Via One Intermediate Resistor of 18.18Ω
　　生产厂家
　　Manufacturer 特变电工衡阳变压器有限公司
　　TBEC
　　
　　3.1.3.1.6 启动／备用变技术规范:
　　3.1.3.1.6 Technical Specifications of SST
　　型号
　　Model SFZ-31500/150
　　额定容量
　　Rated Capacity 31500kVA
　　额定电压
　　Rated Voltage 150±8×1.25%/6.3kV
　　额定电流
　　Rated Current 150.6/448A
　　接线组别
　　Connection mode Yn，yn+d
　　相数
　　Number of Phases 三相
　　3
　　额定频率
　　Rated Frequency 50Hz
　　冷却方式
　　Cooling Mode ONAN/ONAF
　　负载损耗
　　On-load loss 310kW
　　空载损耗
　　No-load loss 96.9kW
　　阻抗电压
　　Impedance Voltage 14%
　　接地方式
　　Earthing Mode 高压侧直接接地
　　Directly Earthed on HV side
　　低压侧经18.18Ω中值电阻接地
　　Via One Intermediate Resistor of 18.18Ω on LV side
　　生产厂家
　　Manufacturer 特变电工衡阳变压器有限公司
　　TBEC
　　
　　3.1.1.6 发-变组附属设备技术规范
　　3.1.1.6 Technical specifications for the auxiliary equipment of generator-transformer unit
　　3.1.1.6.1 离相式封闭母线技术规范
　　3.1.1.6.1 Technical specifications for phase-segregated and enclosed bus-bar
　　
　　封闭母线基本技术参数
　　Basic technical parameters for enclosed bus-bar
　　基本技术参数
　　Basic technical parameters 主回路
　　Main circuit 分支回路
　　Branch circuit
　　额定电压(kv)
　　Rated voltage 24 24
　　设备最高电压(kv)
　　Highest voltage for equipment
　　额定电流(kA)
　　Rated current
　　额定频率(Hz)
　　Rated frequency
　　短时工频耐受电压(kv) (有效值)
　　 Short-time power frequency withstanding voltage (RMS)
　　雷电冲击耐受电压(kv) (峰值)
　　Lightening impulse withstand voltage (Peak value)
　　动稳定电流(kA)
　　Dynamic stabilizing current
　　4S热稳定电流(kA)
　　4S-thermal stabilizing current
　　泄漏比距(cm/kv)
　　Leakage distance –voltage ratio
　　母线外径及厚度(mm)
　　Bus-bar outer diameter and thickness
　　外壳外径厚度(mm)
　　Casing outer diameter and thickness
　　相间距离(mm)
　　Phase-to-phase distance 厂高变分支
　　Auxiliary HV transformer branch
　　 PT分支
　　PT Branch
　　生产厂家
　　Manufacturer
　　
　　
　　
　　封闭母线最热点温度和温升允许值
　　Maximum temperature and temperature permitting value for the enclosed bus-bar
　　封闭母线的部件
　　Enclosed bus-bar components 允许温度
　　允许温升
　　
　　铝导线
　　Aluminum conductor 90℃ 45K
　　螺栓紧固连接镀银接触面
　　Silver plating interface for bolt tightening and connecting 105℃ 60K
　　铝外壳
　　Aluminum casing 70℃ 25K
　　在4s热稳定电流的作用下，铝与铝合金导体的短时发热温度不应超过200℃。
　　Under the function of 4S-thermal stabilizing current, short-time heating temperature of aluminum and aluminum alloy conductor should not be more than 200℃.
　　
　　3.1.1.6.2 封闭母线微正压装置
　　3.1.1.6.2 Positive pressure device of enclosed bus-bar
　　封闭母线的微正压装置设备规范
　　Equipment specifications for the positive pressure device of enclosed bus-bar
　　额定电压(V)
　　Rated voltage 220
　　额定输入空气压力(Pa)
　　Rated input air pressure 500～2000
　　额定充电量(m3/h)
　　Rated charging volume 35
　　额定频率(Hz)
　　Rated frequency 50
　　母线壳内空气压力(Pa)
　　Air pressure in bus-bar casing (1.005～1.06)×105
　　3.1.1.6.3 发电机中性点接地变压器
　　3.1.1.6.3 Generator netural grounded transformer
　　发电机中性点接地变压器规范
　　Specifications for the generator neutral grounded transformer
　　型式
　　Type
　　额定电压(kV)
　　Rated voltage
　　额定容量(kVA)
　　Rated capacity
　　变比(kV/ kV)
　　Transformation ratio
　　短时工频耐压(kV)
　　Short-time power frequency withstand voltage
　　雷电冲击耐压(kV)
　　Lightening impulse withstand voltage
　　二次侧电阻(Ω)
　　Resistance at the secondary side
　　4s热稳定电流(A)
　　4s thermal stabilizing current
　　
　　3.1.4 发-变组继电保护及同期装置
　　3.1.4 Generator-transformer unit relay protection and synchronization
　　3.1.4.1 发-变组继电保护运行维护
　　3.1.4.1 Operation and maintenance for generator-transformer unit relay protection
　　发-变组保护采用许继集团国际工程有限公司提供的WFB-805A微机型发电机变压器组成套保护装置以及WFB-804A微机型发电机变压器组非电量保护装置。被保护设备包括发电机、主变压器、励磁变、高压厂用变压器等。
　　WFB-805A series micro-processer based complete generator-transformer unit protective relaying together with WFB-804A series micro-processer based non-electrical variables, which are provided by Xuji international engineering Co. Ltd, are employed for Generator-transformer unit protection and protection. The equipments to be protected include generator, main transformer, excitation transformer, HV auxiliary transformer and so on.
　　发电机变压器组保护采用保护双重化配置，每套保护包含完整的主保护和后备保护。发电机变压器组保护两套完整的电气量保护分别布置在保护A、B 柜，非电量保护和单套电气保护布置在保护C柜。
　　generator transformer unit protection are of dual configuration; each includes complete main and backup protection. Two sets of complete electrical protection of generator transformer unit protection are individually arranged on protective relaying panel A and B, non-electrical and single set of electrical protection is arranged on protective relaying panel C.
　　发电机变压器组保护两套保护中每套保护的交流电流、交流电压分别取自电流互感器和电压互感器独立的绕组，两套保护装置之间没有任何电气联系。当一套保护因异常需要退出或检修时，不影响另一套保护正常运行。
　　AC current and voltage of each of the two sets of generator transformer unit protection is originated from the independent current transformer and voltage transformer. There is no electrical connection exists between the two sets of protection equipments. When one set of protection equipment needs exit or maintenance out of abnormity, the normal operation of the other set should not be influenced.
　　非电量保护通过强电电磁继电器实现。非电量保护的接点送入各自的保护装置，作为事故记录。并通过专门跳闸回路输出跳闸接点和报警信号。每柜的电量保护及非电量保护均设置各自独立的电源回路，包括直流小空开及其直流电源监视回路。出口跳闸回路完全独立，在保护柜上的安装位置也相对独立。两套完整的电气量保护和非电量保护的跳闸回路分别同时动作于断路器的两个跳闸线圈。
　　Non-electrical protection is accomplished by strong electromagnetic relay. Contact of non-electrical protection is sent to each protective loop acting as emergency record . also, by special trip circuit , the trip contact and alarm signal is output . Both electrical protection and non-electrical protection of each panel have their own power supply, including DC air switch and its DC power supply monitoring circuit. The outlet trip circuit is absolutely independent, so does its installation location on protection cabinet. The trip circuit of the complete two sets of electrical protection and non-electrical protection individually exert action to the two trip circuits of circuit breaker at the same time.
　　3.1.4.1.1 发-变组保护A柜、B柜配置完全相同，设置以下保护（每套保护系统的功能及出口回路设置有保护投、退的连接片）。
　　3.1.4.1.1 The arrangement of protection A and B for generator-transformer unit are complete the same. The following protections are arranged (the links are fitted for each protection functions circuit and outlet circuit for in/out service.)
　　发电机差动保护
　　Generator differential protection
　　发电机匝间保护
　　Generator turn to turn protection
　　发电机程跳逆功率
　　Sequential reverse power protection of generator
　　发电机复压（记忆）过电流保护
　　Multiple voltage（memory）over-current protection of generator
　　发电机对称过负荷
　　Generator balanced overload
　　发电机不对称过负荷保护
　　Generator unbalanced overload protection
　　发电机定子接地保护
　　Generator stator earthing protection
　　转子一点接地保护
　　Rotor one-point earthing protection
　　发电机失磁保护
　　Generator de-excitation protection
　　发电机过激磁保护
　　Generator over-excitation protection
　　发电机过电压
　　Generator over-voltage
　　阻抗保护
　　Impedance protection
　　发电机逆功率保护
　　Generator reverse power protection
　　发电机低频保护
　　Generator low frequency protection
　　发电机失步保护
　　Generator out of step protection
　　励磁变压器过流保护
　　Over-current protection of excitation transformer
　　励磁绕组过负荷保护
　　Over-load protection of excitation winding
　　励磁系统故障
　　Excitation system fault
　　电压平衡保护
　　Voltage balanced protection
　　发电机突加电压保护
　　A sudden external voltage surge protection of generator
　　主变压器差动
　　Main transformer differential protection
　　主变压器复合电压过流
　　Compound voltage over-current of main transformer
　　主变压器150kV侧零序过流保护
　　Zero sequence over-current protection of main transformer 150kV side
　　高压厂用变压器差动保护
　　HV auxiliary transformer Differential protection .
　　高压厂用变压器高压侧复合电压过流保护
　　Compound voltage over-current protection of HV side of HV auxiliary transformer
　　高压厂用变压器低压侧零序过流保护
　　Zero sequence over-current protection of LV side of HV auxiliary transformer
　　3.1.4.1.2 发-变组保护C柜配置设置以下非电量保护（每套保护系统的功能及出口回路设置有保护投、退的连接片）。
　　3.1.4.1.2 The arrangement of protection panel C of generator-transformer unit is equipped with the following non-electrical protection (The functions of every set of protection system and outlet circuit are set with the joining-piece which puts the protection into or out of service.)
　　发电机断水
　　Generator no water supply
　　热工保护
　　I&C protection
　　发-变组急停
　　Sudden shutdown of generator-transformer unit
　　主变重瓦斯
　　Heavy gas of main transformer
　　主变轻瓦斯
　　Light gas of main transformer
　　主变压力释放
　　Pressure relief of main transformer
　　主变冷却器故障
　　Main transformer cooler fault
　　主变油位异常
　　Abnormal oil level of main transformer
　　主变油温高
　　High oil temperature of main transformer
　　主变油温超高
　　Super-high oil temperature of main transformer
　　主变绕组温度高
　　High temperature of main transformer winding
　　主变绕组温度超高
　　Super-high oil temperature of main transformer winding
　　厂变重瓦斯
　　Heavy gas of auxiliary transformer
　　厂变轻瓦斯
　　Light gas of auxiliary transformer
　　厂变压力释放
　　Pressure relief of auxiliary transformer
　　厂变冷却器故障
　　Cooler fault of auxiliary transformer
　　厂变油位异常
　　Abnormal oil level of auxiliary transformer
　　厂变温度高
　　High temperature of auxiliary transformer
　　厂变温度超高
　　Super-high temperature of auxiliary transformer
　　厂变绕组温度高
　　High temperature of auxiliary transformer winding
　　厂变绕组温度超高
　　Super-high temperature of auxiliary transformer winding
　　励磁变温度高
　　High temperature of excitation transformer
　　励磁变温度超高
　　Super-high temperature of excitation transformer
　　励磁系统故障
　　Excitation system fault
　　主变压器通风启动
　　Ventilation startup of main transformer
　　高压厂用变压器通风启动
　　Ventilation startup of HV auxiliary transformer
　　3.1.4.1.3 发-变组保护动作出口设置：
　　3.1.4.1.3 The outlet arrangement of the generator-transformer unit activation:
　　3.1.4.1.3.1 发电机变压器组全停：
　　3.1.4.1.3.1Shutdown of the generator-transformer unit:
　　断开主变压器150kV母线侧断路器，断开主变压器150KV侧中间侧断路器，断开发电机磁场断路器、断开高压厂用变压器6.3KV侧A分支断路器、断开高压厂用变压器6.3KV侧B分支断路器，启动厂变A分支快切装置、启动厂变B分支快切装置，起动失灵保护，关闭主汽门。
　　Open the following circuit breakers: the circuit breaker at 150kV bus-bar side, the intermediate side circuit breaker of main transformer, the circuit breaker of generator magnetic field, the A branch circuit breaker at the 6.3kV side of the HV auxiliary transformer and the B branch circuit breaker at the 6.3kV side of the HV auxiliary transformer. Start up the A branch and B branch quick switch-over devices of auxiliary transformer, and then start up the failure protection and close the main stop valve.
　　3.1.4.1.3.2 程序跳闸：
　　3.1.4.1.3.2 Sequential trip：
　　关主汽门，待确认没有蒸汽通过汽机后再动作于“发电机全停”。确认由汽轮机进汽阀限位开关和逆功率继电器实现。
　　Close the main stop valve and carry out the activation of “generator shutdown” after make sure that there is no steam flowing through turbine. And make sure that it is fulfilled by the position limiting switch of turbine steam inlet valve and reverse power relay.
　　3.1.4.1.3.3 减出力：将汽轮机出力减至预定值。
　　3.1.4.1.3.3 Reduce the output：Reduce the turbine output to the pre-setting value.
　　3.1.4.1.3.4信号：发出声、光信号，并向DCS、故录发送信号用于事故记录：
　　3.1.4.1.3.4 Signal: send the sound and light signal, and then send the signals to DCS and fault oscillograph for fault record.
　　3.1.4.1.3.5 对于发-变组主保护、后备保护、异常保护合信号至少给出5对以便用于热工DEH、MFT、光子牌等的信号或跳闸之用。
　　3.1.4.1.3.5 Five pairs of signals should be given to the main protection, backup protection and abnormal protection of generator - transformer unit for the use of the signals of I&C DEH, MFT, alarm window and trip.
　　3.1.4.2 同期装置运行维护
　　3.1.4.2 The operation and maintenance of synchronization device
　　同期装置选用深圳智能设备开发有限公司生产的SID-2CM-S型发电机线路复用微机自动同期装置。配套SID-2X-A型多同期点共用同期装置自动选线器。
　　The synchronization device adopts SID-2CM-S type generator circuit multiplexing micro-automatic synchronization device , which was produced by Shen Zhen Intelligence Equipment Development Ltd. Many synchronization points of the matching type SID-2X-A use the automatic circuit chooser of the synchronization device together.
　　SID-2CM－S装置有12个通道可供1～12台(条)发电机(线路)并网复用，或多台同期装置互为备用，具备自动识别并网对象类别及并网性质的功能。装置与上位机的通讯接口以满足将同期控制器纳入DCS系统控制的需要。
　　SID-2CM－S device has 12 channels which are used for the synchronization of the 1～12 generator（circuits）, or many synchronization devices can back up each other, and it also has the function of recognizing synchronization objects and synchronization characteristics automatically. The connecting interface between device and upper computer can satisfy the needs to make synchronization controller bring into DCS system control.
　　SID-2X-A具有12个多路开关模块通道对12个并列点的同期信号进行切换；接受由上位机（DCS）发来的选线指令，控制指定的多路开关进行选线操作；在并网过程中，如遇到紧急事件，选线器可接受由上位机（DCS）发来的紧急中止同期命令执行紧急中止同期操作；选线器具有闭锁重选功能，确保每次只选通一路多路开关；选线器的CPU模块故障时，可在选线器面板上手动操作带“唯一性”闭锁钥匙的开关进行人工选线操作；选线器可提供切换后的同期电压作为手动同步的同期表使用，并有接口与手动的调压、调速和合闸按钮相连。
　　SID-2X-A has 12 multi-circuit switch module channels, which is used for switching over the synchronization signals of the 12 parallel points, based on the selection command from upper layer ( DCS) , it controls the selection among the multiplexer. During synchronization, if there is emergency condition, the circuit selector can accept the emergency synchronization command for DCS to stop synchronizing. The selector is with the function of locking and re-selecting, which makes it only one be selected for each time. When the CPU module of circuit chooser has fault, operate the switch with “only” locking key on the panel of the circuit chooser manually to carry out the manual circuit choosing operation. The circuit chooser can supply the synchronization voltage after switch-over as the synchronization meter for the use of manual synchronization, and it is also connected with the interface and manual voltage regulation, speed regulation and closing buttons.
　　3.1.4.2.1 同期装置并网操作步序：
　　3.1.4.2.1 Procedures for synchronization of synchronism apparatus
　　3.1.4.2.1.1 DCS选择并列点并保持；
　　3.1.4.2.1.1 DCS select parallel points and hold them
　　3.1.4.2.1.2 如果DCS选择同期装置做“同步表”、“单侧无压”合闸、“双侧无压”合闸操作，DCS将相应开关量接入并保持，如果选择“同期并列”操作，则跳过此步骤；
　　3.1.4.2.1.2 If the DCS chooses the synchronization device as the “synchronization meter”, “single side no voltage” closing, “both sides no voltage” closing operation, DCS acquires the relevant digital and maintain it. If the “synchronization parallel” operation is chosen, this step can be skipped.
　　3.1.4.2.1.3 DCS控制“同期装置上电”；
　　3.1.4.2.1.3 The DCS controls “synchronism device power on”;
　　3.1.4.2.1.4 DCS启动同期装置进行工作；
　　3.1.4.2.1.4 The DCS starts synchronization device;
　　3.1.4.2.1.5 同期装置工作并合闸；
　　3.1.4.2.1.5 The synchronization device works and closes;
　　3.1.4.2.1.6 DCS控制“同期装置退电”；
　　3.1.4.2.1.6 The DCS controls “synchronization device power off”
　　3.1.4.2.1.7 DCS退出“并列点选择”、“单侧无压”确认、“双侧无压”确认信号；
　　3.1.4.2.1.7 DCS disable “parallel points choose”, and confirm the signals “single side no voltage”, “double sides no voltage”;
　　3.1.4.2.1.8 操作结束。
　　3.1.4.2.1.8 Operation completed
　　若在b步骤选择“同期表”功能，这时候同期装置主要作为同步表运行，在屏幕上显示电压、频率等实时参数，如果选择“自动调频”、“自动调压”，还可以进行调频、调压控制，但不会进行合闸控制。
　　If the “synchronization meter” function has been chosen in step b, the synchronization device is mainly as the operation of synchronization meter at this time, and the real parameters are displayed on the screen such as voltage, frequency and so on. If the “automatic frequency regulation” and “automatic voltage regulation” are chosen, the closing control can not be carried out.
　　3.1.4.2.2 同期并网操作注意事项：
　　3.1.4.2.2 Notices during the synchronization operation:
　　3.1.4.2.2.1 发电机并网操作必须使用自动准同期装置进行并网，且在DCS 画面操作；
　　3.1.4.2.2.1 The automatic synchronization system must be used for synchronization during the generator synchronization and it can be operated on DCS display;
　　3.1.4.2.2.2 同期装置出现故障时未检查明原因，严禁投入同期装置进行并网；
　　3.1.4.2.2.2 Never activated synchronism for synchronization when the synchronization device has fault and the reason has not been found out;
　　3.1.4.2.2.3 修改同期装置的参数，变更同期装置及同期二次回路的接线必须经总工批准，且经过试验合格后才可使用自动同期装置；
　　3.1.4.2.2.3 The following TASK should be permitted by the chief engineer: CHANGE the parameters of synchronization device, REPALCE synchronization device and WIRING on the second circuit of synchronization. And the automatic synchronization device can be used after the tests are successful.
　　3.1.4.2.2.4 同期装置正常投运前励磁调节器和汽轮机调速系统应正常；
　　3.1.4.2.2.4 The excitation regulator and turbine speed governing system should be normal before the synchronization device is put into operation;
　　3.1.4.2.2.5 发电机并网后，各串母联开关（相当于母联作用）合环时，在DCS 画面上进行检同期合闸；
　　3.1.4.2.2.5 After generator synchronization, when the bus-tie circuit breaker (be equal to the function of bus-tie circuit breaker) of each bunch closes circuit, check the synchronization closing on DCS display;
　　3.1.4.2.2.6 发电机解列后，各机与150KV母线连接的线侧开关及各母联开关合闸时，在电子间同期装置屏就地检无压进行合闸；
　　3.1.4.2.2.6 After the generator de-synchronization, when the circuit side switch and the bus-tie circuit breaker close, check whether there is voltage on the synchronization device screen in central control room locally, if there is no voltage, and then carry out the closing operation.
　　3.1.4.3 机组故障录波装置
　　3.1.4.3 Generator Set Faults Waveform Recording Device
　　机组故障录波装置采用许继集团国际工程有限公司提供。
　　Unit fault oscillograph device is supplied by Xuji International Engineering Co. Ltd
　　录波通道容量：模拟量： 64路（直流按6组设置）；开关量： 128路
　　Oscillograph channel capacity: analog：64 circuits （DC is set to 6 groups）; digital: 128 circuits
　　数据记录及储存：稳态数据最小记录间隔不大于0.02s，存储时间大于3 天；暂态数据记录的采样频率不小于 6400Hz
　　Data record and storage: The minimum record gap of steady data is not more than 0.02s，the storage time is more than 3 days; The sampling frequency of transient data record is not less than 6400Hz
　　同步采样精度： 0.2%；开关量事故分辨率：不大于1ms
　　Synchronization sampling accuracy: 0.2%；digital emergency resolution: not more than 1ms
　　谐波分辨率： 15次谐波；模数转换精度: 14位；启动精度: 2%
　　Harmonic wave resolution：15 times harmonic wave；analog-digital converting accuracy：14 bit； startup accuracy：2%
　　3.1.4.3.1 机组故障录波装置主要功能：
　　3.1.4.3.1The main functions of unit fault oscillograph device:
　　装置采用模块化设计，便于维护和扩展，抗干扰能力强。装置硬件由后台机、前置机和彩色打印机等组成，它们之间通过通信网卡相连，构成完整的局域通信网络。
　　The device adopts modularization design which is convenient for maintenance and expansion and has strong anti-interference capability. The hardware of the device consists of back platform computer, front set computer, color printer and so on. All the components are connected by communication network, which composes the complete field communication network.
　　后台机主要完成装置的运行、调试管理、定值整定、录波数据存储、故障报告形成和打印、远程传送、配置GPS 时钟通信接口，接受通信卫星的时间信号进行本地时钟同步，实现全网统一时钟等功能，精度达微秒级。后台机采用嵌入式装置型，具有良好的抗干扰能力，适合于发电厂和变电所的工业现场使用。
　　The back platform computer mainly perform the following function: operation, commissioning management, fixed value setting, oscillograph data storage, fault report forming and printing, remote transfer, GPS clock communication interface configuration, receiving the time signal from communication satellite for synchronization of local time so as to realize uniform time for whole system (with the accuracy of microsecond level). The back platform adopts embedded device which has strong anti-interference capability, it is suitable for the industrial field of power plant and substation application.
　　前置机主要完成模拟量和开关量的采集和记录、故障启动判别、信号转换及上传等功能。前置机提供独立的电源输入、输出。面板便于监测和操作，并具有装置自检、装置故障或异常的报警指示等。
　　The front computer mainly has the following functions: collect and record the analog and digital, judge the fault startup, convert and upload the signal and so on. The front set computer supplies the independent power input and output. The panel is convenient for monitor and operation and it also has device self-check, device fault, abnormal alarm indication and so on.
　　开关量和模拟量的输入有抗干扰隔离措施，确保主机系统的可靠工作。
　　The inputs of digital and analog has the anti-interference and isolation measures which ensure the reliable work of the main computer system.
　　装置具有记录发电机变压器组正常运行数据的稳态记录功能，即对电压、电流（含负序电流）、有功功率、无功功率、频率等电气量进行非故障启动的连续记录。
　　The device provide the function of recording the parameters under normal operating state ( steady state ) for transformer-generator unit, including current,& voltage ( including negative current), active power, reactive power, frequency, etc. It record these parameters under normal condition continuously.
　　装置具有记录发电机变压器组、电网的异常或故障数据的暂态记录功能，当机组或电网发生大的扰动时，能自动地对扰动的全过程进行暂态记录，并当暂态过程结束后自动停止暂态记录。
　　The device has transient record functions to record the date of the generator-transformer unit, abnormal net work and fault. When the unit or network experience big disturbance, it can carry out the transient record to the whole process of the disturbance automatically and it can also stop the transient record automatically after the transient process ends
　　暂态数据记录时间：记录故障前0.5S 及故障后3S 的录波数据，采样频率大于60 点/ms。若系统发生振荡，记录10min 包络线值，其中前5min 每间隔0.1s 记录1 次，后5min 每间隔1s 记录1 次。
　　The transient date record time: record the waveform data 0.5S before fault and 3S after fault, the sampling frequency is more than 60 point/ms. If the system has oscillation, record outline value of waveform for 10 min, record once every 0.1s in the front 5 min, and record once every 1s in the back 5 min.
　　当机组或电网连续多次发生大扰动时，装置能完整记录每次大扰动的全过程数据。装置内存容量可完整记录连续故障和10min 的振荡录波数据，可保存不少于100 次以上最新的故障录波数据文件。
　　When the unit and network experienced a continuous big disturbance, the device can completely record the whole process data of each big disturbance. The EMS memory capacity of the device can completely record the continuous fault and 10 min oscillation oscillograph data, and it can also keep more than 100 times up to date fault oscillograph data documents.
　　装置记录数据安全、可靠、不失真，能准确反映13 次以下谐波、非周期分量等。
　　The record data of the device is safe, reliable and true, and it can also reflect harmonic wave under 13th and non-periodic component and so on.
　　装置在连续多次启动、供电电源中断等情况下不丢失数据，并具有失电报警功能。
　　The device will not lose data under the conditions of continuous startup and the interrupt of power supply, and it also has power-off alarm function.
　　装置自备可靠的冗余辅助电源。主机和辅助电源相互独立，保证装置工作的可靠性。
　　The device provides reliable redundant auxiliary power for itself. The main and auxiliary power are independent each other, which ensures the reliability of the device work.
　　装置具有自动检测功能，当装置元件损坏时，能发出装置异常信号，并能指出发生异常的部位。
　　The device has self-check function. When the device element breaks, it can send the abnormal signal of the device, and can also show the abnormal locations.
　　装置具有自复位功能，当软件工作不正常时，能通过自复位电路自动恢复正常工作，装置能对自复位命令进行记录。
　　The device has self-reset function. When the software works abnormally, it can automatically resume the normal work through self-reset circuit, and it can also record the self-reset order.
　　装置的软件设计先进、合理。装置的运行、调试、整定均采用英文菜单方式进行管理，并有提示说明。
　　The design of the device software is advanced and reasonable. The operation, commissioning and setting adopt English menu for management and it has explanation.
　　装置有独立的内部时钟，其误差每24h 不超过1s。同时，还提供GPS 时钟同步接口（硬对时采用无源分脉冲），装置时钟误差不超过1ms。
　　The device has independent inner cock, the error is not more than 1s every 24h. At the same time, it can also supply synchronization interface for GPS clock (adopt reactive split-pulse)，the clock error of the device is not more than 1ms.
　　装置具有高速远程通信手段，通信规约符合国家及地方调度的要求。
　　The device has high-speed telecommunication means, the communication specification accords with the requirements of the national and local dispatching center.
　　装置提供信号板插件，该插件由光电隔离功放输出板驱动，至少设置以下信号指示、报警，其引出触点至发电厂DCS 信号:
　　The device supplies plug-in of signal board, which is driven by the optic-coupler power amplifying output board. At least it is set with the following signal indications and alarms. Its output contact is connected to DCS signals of the power plant.
　　--自检故障报警
　　 Self-check fault alarm
　　--录波启动报警
　　 Oscillograph starts alarming
　　--装置异常报警
　　 Device abnormal alarm
　　--电源消失报警
　　 Power lost alarm
　　--报警信号复归
　　 Alarm signal reset
　　3.1.4.3.2 暂态记录启动方式包括模拟量启动、开关量启动、手动启动和远方启动。任何一路输入的模拟量均可作为启动量，启动方式包括突变量启动和稳态量启动（过量或欠量）。任一保护动作均可作为启动量。在程序设计中有防止误启动的措施，如防止变压器投入运行时可能引起的误动等。
　　3.1.4.3.2 The transient record startup modes include analog startup, digital startup, manual startup and remote startup. The input analog of any one circuit can be taken as startup variable. The startup mode consists of sudden variable startup and stable variable startup (Over or under). Any one protection activation can be taken as startup variable. There are measures to avoid mistake startup during the program design. E.g.: to avoid the mistakenly activating when the transformer is put into operation.
　　3.1.4.3.2.1 电压突变启动
　　3.1.4.3.2.1 Startup for the sudden change of the voltage
　　电压突变(含直流电压)启动暂态记录可按通道设定
　　Sudden change of the voltage (including DC voltage) start transient record is set by channel
　　电压突变启动定值可按通道整定
　　Sudden change of the voltage start The rated value is set by channel
　　整定值不小于5%Un 时，误差不大于整定值的20%
　　When the setting value is not less than 5% rated voltage, the error is not more than 20% of the setting value.
　　3.1.4.3.2.2 电压越限启动
　　3.1.4.3.2.2 Voltage over-limiting startup
　　电压越限启动暂态记录可按通道设定
　　Voltage over-limiting startup
　　Transient record is set by the channel
　　电压越限启动定值分为高限和低限，可按通道整定
　　Voltage over-limiting startup
　　The rated value is divided into high and low limit which can be set by channel
　　当整定值在90%～110% Un 范围内时，动作值误差不大于整定值的5%
　　When the setting value is within the range of 90% to 110% rated voltage, the error of the activation value is not more than 5% of the setting value.
　　当电压≤0.5Un 的时间连续超过3s 时,自动退出电压低越限启动判据。
　　The time when the voltage is not more than 0.5 rated voltage exceeds 3s continuously, the over-limit startup criteria of the low voltage is not in valid automatically.
　　3.1.4.3.2.3 负序电压越限启动
　　3.1.4.3.2.3 Negative sequence voltage over-limit startup
　　负序电压越限启动暂态记录可按设定
　　Negative sequence voltage over-limit startup
　　Transient record is the preset value.
　　负序电压越限启动定值可按整定
　　Negative sequence voltage over-limit startup
　　The rated value is the setting value.
　　当整定值不小于3% Un时，动作值误差不大于整定值的10%
　　When the setting value is not less than 3% rated voltage, the error of the activation value is not more than 10% of the setting value.
　　3.1.4.3.2.4 零序电压越限启动
　　3.1.4.3.2.4 Zero sequence voltage over-limit startup
　　零序电压越限启动暂态记录可按设定
　　Zero sequence voltage over-limit startup
　　Transient record is the preset value
　　零序电压越限启动定值可按整定
　　Zero sequence voltage over-limit startup
　　The rated value is the setting value
　　当整定值不小于3% Un 时，动作值误差不大于整定值的10%
　　When the setting value is not less than 3% rated voltage, the error of the activation value is not more than 10% of the setting value.
　　3.1.4.3.2.5 谐波电压启动
　　3.1.4.3.2.5 Harmonic voltage startup
　　谐波电压启动暂态记录可设定
　　Harmonic voltage startup
　　Transient record is preset value
　　谐波电压启动定值可整定
　　Harmonic voltage startup
　　The rated value is the setting value
　　动作值误差不大于整定值的5%
　　The error of the activation value is not more than 5% of the setting value.
　　3.1.4.3.2.6 电流突变启动
　　3.1.4.3.2.6 Current sudden change startup
　　电流突变启动暂态记录可按通道设定
　　Current sudden change startup
　　Transient record is set by the channel
　　电流突变启动定值可按通道整定
　　Current sudden change startup
　　The rated value is set by the channel
　　整定值不小于10%In 时，误差不大于整定值的20%
　　When the setting value is not less than10% rated current, the error is not more than 20% of the setting value.
　　3.1.4.3.2.7 电流越限启动
　　3.1.4.3.2.7 Current over-limit startup
　　电流越限启动暂态记录可按通道设定
　　Current over-limit startup
　　Transient record is set by channel
　　电流越限启动定值可按通道整定
　　Current over-limit startup
　　The rated value is set by channel
　　当整定值在110% In 时，动作值误差不大于整定值的5%
　　When the setting value is 110% rated current, the error of the activation value is not more than 5% of the setting value
　　3.1.4.3.2.8 负序电流越限启动
　　3.1.4.3.2.8 Negative sequence current over-limit startup
　　负序电流越限启动暂态记录可设定
　　Negative sequence current over-limit startup
　　Transient record can be set
　　负序电流越限启动定值可整定
　　Negative sequence current over-limit startup
　　The rated value can be set
　　当整定值不小于10% In 时，动作值误差不大于整定值的5%
　　When the setting value is not less than 10% rated current, the error of the activation value is not more than 5% of the setting value.
　　3.1.4.3.2.9 零序电流越限启动
　　3.1.4.3.2.9 Zero sequence current over-limit startup
　　零序电流越限启动暂态记录可设定
　　Zero sequence current over-limit startup
　　Transient record can be set
　　零序电流越限启动定值可整定
　　Zero sequence current over-limit startup
　　The rated value can be set
　　当整定值不小于10% In 时，动作值误差不大于整定值的5%
　　When the setting value is not less than 10% rated current, the error of the activation value is not more than 5% of the setting value.
　　3.1.4.3.2.10 过励磁启动
　　3.1.4.3.2.10 Over-excitation startup
　　过励磁启动暂态记录可设定
　　Over-excitation startup
　　Transient record can be set
　　过励磁倍数可整定
　　The over-excitation times can be set
　　当整定值不小于1.1 时，动作值误差不大于整定值的5%
　　When the setting value is not less than 1.1, the error of the activation value is not more than 5% of the setting value.
　　3.1.4.3.2.11 开关量变位启动
　　3.1.4.3.2.11 Start up by change of on-off status
　　开关量变位启动暂态记录可设定
　　Digital deflection startup
　　Transient record can be set
　　当外部开关量触点闭合(或断开),自动启动暂态记录
　　The transient record starts automatically when the contact of the outside digital closes (or opens).
　　3.1.4.3.2.12 装置手动启动
　　3.1.4.3.2.12 Device manual startup
　　装置能通过面板按键或键盘启动暂态记录功能
　　The device can start transient record function through panel key or keyboard.
　　3.1.4.3.2.13 装置远方启动
　　3.1.4.3.2.13 Device manual startup
　　装置能通过远方DCS 手动启动暂态记录功能。
　　The device can start transient record function manually through remote DCS.
　　3.1.5 发-变组的启动
　　3.1.5 Generator-transformer unit startup
　　3.1.5.1 下列情况下禁止发-变组的启动
　　3.1.5.1 It is forbidden to start up the generator-transformer unit if the following condition happens
　　机组大、小修后工作票未收回、系统未恢复或影响机组启动的电气设备检修后未收回工作票。
　　 The work permit is not taken back after unit maintenance and overhaul, the system has not been resumed or after the maintenance of the electric device which influences the unit startup.
　　发电机—变压器组主保护无法投入。
　　 The main protection of the generator-transformer unit can not be put into operation.
　　发电机—变压器组保护无法满足可靠性、灵敏度和选择性。
　　 The protection for the generator-transformer unit can not satisfy the reliability, sensitivity and selectivity.
　　发电机—变压器组启动前绝缘检测不合格。
　　 The insulation check before generator-transformer unit startup fails
　　发电机—变压器组启动前各项联锁试验不合格。
　　 Every items of interlock test before starting up generator-transformer unit does meet the rquirements.
　　发-变组各主要表计（电压、电流、有功、无功等）及信号损坏。
　　 The main meter (voltage, current, active power, reactive power and so on)and signal of generator-transformer unit break.
　　发电机—变压器组内部主保护动作或后备保护动作且已确认为非系统故障，且未查明原因。
　　 Make sure that the inner main protection or backup protection of generator-transformer unit activated and the faults is considered as the non-system fault, and the reason still unknown.
　　发电机氢、油、水系统故障不能正常投运。
　　 There is something wrong with the hydrogen, oil and water system of the generator, which cause a failure to run normally.
　　3.1.5.2 发-变组启动前的检查
　　3.1.5.2 The checkup before starting up generator-transformer unit
　　检查发-变组、励磁系统的检修工作已全部结束，工作票收回，临时安全措施已全部拆除，常设遮拦及标示牌均已恢复，并有维护人员可以投运的书面交待。
　　Check and make sure that the maintenance task on generator-transformer unit and excitation system have already finished and the work permit has been cancelled. In addition, check that whether the temporary safety measures have been removed and the permanent fence and signs are restored with rated report available for maintenance personnel.
　　检查发-变组系统的刀闸、开关、电流互感器、电压互感器、封闭母线、励磁系统及避雷器各部清洁，无杂物，无积水，无漏油、漏汽现象。
　　Check following items in generator-transformer system:
　　Disconnector,
　　 Switches,
　　 CTs, PTs,
　　 Enclosed Main Bus,
　　 Excitation System
　　 Arrestor;
　　Make sure that they are clean and there are no foreign matter, water accumulation, oil leakage or steam leakage.
　　检查发-变组一、二次回路接线牢固正确，无松动、脱落现象，电流互感器二次端子箱已可靠封闭。
　　Check if:
　　 there exist incorrect connection, loose or drop off in the primary and secondary circuit of generator-transformer unit ;
　　 it is reliably closed for the secondary terminal box of CTs.
　　检查主变、厂高变、发电机组保护装置正常，压板投入正确。检查发-变组表计、操作开关、信号灯及二次回路完好，检查同期回路接线良好。
　　Check if:
　　 Protective relaying for main transformer, HV auxiliary transformer and generator are in normal condition;
　　 Links in service is correct;
　　 All the meters in generator-transformer unit system, operating switches, signal indicators and secondary circuit are in healthy condition;
　　 They are well wired in the synchronizing circuit.
　　检查发电机外壳，封闭母线外壳，发电机出口电压互感器柜，励磁变外罩，主变外壳，发电机出口避雷器柜，高厂变外壳，中性点消弧变柜已可靠接地，接地线牢固，无断线、松动现象，各绝缘点无破损，清洁干燥。
　　Check earthing system for following:
　　 The casing of generator
　　 Enclosed main bus;
　　 PT panels at outlet generator;
　　 The casing of excitation transformer;
　　 The casing of main transformer;
　　 The surge arrester boxes at outlet of generator;
　　 The casing of HV plant auxiliary transformer;
　　 Neutral point arc extinguishing transformer panel.
　　Make sure that the earthing cable /wire are reliably connected without breaking or loosening, make sure that insulation in good condition or and they are clean and dry without damage.
　　检查励磁调节器各单元表计指示灯齐全，信号继电器无掉牌，各单元插件、开关、压板位置正确，风机接线完好。
　　Check if
　　 Indicators for each unit meters for excitation regulation are well equipped;
　　 There is no drop plate with annunciator relay
　　 All the connecters, switches, and links for each unit are in right position;
　　 The fan is well wired.
　　检查发电机励磁碳电刷、大轴接地电刷接触良好，无破损、松动、卡涩现象。
　　Check and make sure that the connection of generator excitation carbon brush and shaft grounding brush is fine without damage, loosening and block.
　　检查发-变组系统无报警信号，发电机各部温度与所处状态相对应。
　　Check and make sure that there is no alarm signal appears in generator-transformer unit, and the temperature at each part of generator is agree with specified state.
　　发电机气密试验合格，检查氢气置换完毕，氢气纯度≥98%，氢气压力0.3Mpa，湿度、温度合格，无漏氢现象。检查发电机氢气冷却器已投入运行。检查氢气干燥器投入运行。
　　Check Generator Hydrogen System:
　　 Pass the air leakage test and change the hydrogen for generator
　　 Make sure that purity of hydrogen should be 98% and above, hydrogen pressure is 0.3MPa;
　　 humidity and temperature of hydrogen should meet the requirement without hydrogen leakage.
　　 The cooler and hydrogen dryer has already been put into service.
　　检查发电机定子冷却水系统投入运行。检查发电机引出线和定子绕组冷却水系统的压力、流量、温度正常，无漏水现象。汇流管可靠接地。
　　Check cooling water system for generator stator:
　　 Make sure that the generator stator cooling water system is in running;
　　 Make sure that the water cooling system for generator outlet terminals and stator windings are under normal condition, including water pressure, water flow, temperature are well without water leak;
　　 The collecting pipe is grounded reliably.
　　检查发电机绝缘监测装置已投入运行。
　　Ensure that the generator insulation monitoring device is already put into service.
　　检查封闭母线微正压装置投入运行，维持封闭母线内压力为1.0～2.5Kpa。
　　Check and make sure that the marginal positive pressure adjusting devices for enclosed main bus is put into service and maintain internal pressure of the enclosed main bus at 1.0～2.5Kpa.
　　检查发电机中性点消弧变压器引线接线牢固，柜内外清洁无杂物，分接头指示与试验记录一致，中性点接地良好。
　　Check the arc extinguishing transformer for generator neutral point:
　　Make sure that
　　 It is wired tightly
　　 It is clean without foreign material inside of the panel
　　 Tap position is agree with that measured during in test
　　 It is well earthed at neutral point
　　检查主变、厂高变冷却器投入正常。
　　Check the coolers employed for main power transformer and HV plant auxiliary for normal operating status.
　　在CRT画面检查发电机启动前有关设备的状态、位置指示灯、光字牌信号、保护、自动装置的开关均正常。
　　On CRT screen, check the status of relevant equipment, position indicator , annunciator, protective relay as well as the switch of automatic device for normal indication..
　　3.1.5.3 发-变组启动前的试验
　　3.1.5.3 The test before starting up the generator-transformer unit
　　3.1.5.3.1 启动前测量发电机绝缘
　　3.1.5.3.1 Measuring the generator insulation before startup
　　发电机首次投运、经过检修或停用时间超过2周起动前应测定、转子绕组绝缘。
　　It is necessary to measure insulation resistance of stator and rotor for initial operation or when it is to be started up after a newly maintenance or laid-up for over 2 weeks.
　　3.1.5.3.1.1 发电机定子绝缘测量
　　3.1.5.3.1.1 The insulation measurement on generator stator
　　汽轮发电机定子绕组在干燥后接近工作温度时，其对地及相间的绝缘电阻，用2500V兆欧表测量，应不低于按下式所求得的数值：
　　When the steam turbine generator stator windings are dried and the temperature closes to the operating temperature, measure insulation resistance of phase –earth by 2500V MEGGER. The value measured should no less than what given by following equation,
　　 
　　式中 R——绝缘电阻值(MΩ)；
　　Where, R——insulation resistance value(MΩ);
　　 U——电机绕组的额定电压(V)；
　　 U——the rated voltage(V) of motor winding;
　　 P——电机额定容量(MVA)。
　　 P——the rated capacity (MVA) of motor.
　　发电机定子绕组通水且定冷水质合格后，应使用专用的“水内冷发电机组绝缘测试仪”测量绝缘电阻，其测量值不做规定，但测得电阻值与前次测量结果比较，如有明显降低时(低于前次测量结果1/3～1/5)应检查明原因。最低不低于每千伏1MΩ，即20MΩ。机侧和励侧汇流环在无存水、干燥情况，测量绝缘电阻应不低于100KΩ，汇流管充水时，绝缘电阻应不低于30KΩ。
　　After the generator stator winding is filled with water and the cold water quality of stator meets the requirement, the insulation resistance can be measured via the special “inner water cooling generator set insulation measuring instrument”. There is no requirement for the measuring value. However, after comparing the measured resistance value with the previous measuring result, if there is obvious reduction (lower than 1/3～1/5 of the previous measuring result), the reason should be found out. The minimum should be no lower than 1MΩ per kilo voltage, that is 20MΩ. When there is no water accumulation or dry condition with turbine side and excitation side collecting ring, the measured insulation resistance should be no lower than 100KΩ. When the collecting pipe is filled with water, the insulation resistance should be no lower than 30KΩ.
　　3.1.5.3.1.2 发电机转子绝缘
　　3.1.5.3.1.2 The generator stator insulation
　　汽轮发电机转子绕组的绝缘电阻在冷态(20℃)下用 1000V兆欧表测量，应不小于1MΩ，用水直接冷却的励磁绕组在绝缘引水管安装后其冷态绝缘电阻应不小于2kΩ。
　　The insulation resistance of steam turbine generator rotor can be measured via 1000V megger under the cold state (20℃). The measured value should be no lower than 1 MΩ. After the insulation leading water pipe is installed, the cold state insulation resistance of excitation winding which is cooled by water directly should be no less than 2 kΩ.
　　3.1.5.3.2 发-变组回路保护联动试验
　　3.1.5.3.2 Successive Action test on protective relay circuit for generation -transformer unit
　　发电机大修后的保护联动试验应征得厂总工程师的批准，试验由继电保护维护人员主持，运行人员配合，参与试验的值班员应熟悉有关试验的组织措施、技术措施和安全措施。试验时，主变150KV母线侧断路器、中间侧断路器热备用状态（两侧隔离开关断开），主变高压侧隔离开关断开，高厂变6kv侧小车开关应在试验位置热备用，灭磁开关热备用。
　　For an overhauled generator, the Successive Action Test On Protective Relay should be approved by the chief engineer and presided by relay protection maintenance personnel under the cooperation of operating staff. The operators participated in this test should be familiar with the organizational measures, technical measures and safety measures of relevant tests. During the test, the circuit breakers both at the side of main transformer 150KV main bus and at the middle side are in thermal backup status(the isolation switches at each side are disconnected). In addition, the isolation switch at the high voltage side of main transformer is disconnected; the small vacuum CB at the side of 6KV HV auxiliary transformer should be at test position for thermal backup; and the field discharge switch for thermal backup.
　　发电机应进行下列常规试验：
　　For generator, the following conventional tests should be carried out:
　　3.1.5.3.2.1 机组解列联动灭磁试验：合上灭磁开关、主变150KV侧开关、高厂变6KV侧开关，拉开主变150KV开关，应联跳高厂变6KV侧开关并进行逆变灭磁。
　　3.1.5.3.2.1Generator Set De-synchronization Successive Action – Field Extinguish Test:
　　 Close the field extinguish CB and CBs at 150kv side of main transformer and the 6kv side of plant HV Aux. Transformer
　　 Open the 150KV switch of main transformer.
　　 Trip the CBs in successive action manner at 6KV side of high service transformer for inversion field suppression.
　　3.1.5.3.2.2 灭磁开关联动灭磁试验：合上灭磁开关、主变150KV开关、高厂变6KV侧开关，拉开灭磁开关，应联跳主变150KV开关、高厂变6KV侧开关并进行逆变灭磁。
　　3.1.5.3.2.2 Field Suppression Test-successive action of field suppression CBs:
　　 Close the magnetic field extinguish CB and the CBs at 150KV side of main transformer and CBs at 150kv side of main transformer and the 6kv side of plant HV Aux. Transformer.
　　 Open the 150KV switch of main transformer.
　　 Trip the CBs in successive action manner at 6KV side of high service transformer for inversion field suppression.
　　3.1.5.3.2.3 断水保护试验：合上灭磁开关、主变150KV开关、高厂变6KV侧开关，停内冷水泵30S后，应联跳主变150KV开关、灭磁开关、高厂变6KV分支开关。
　　3.1.5.3.2.3 The water loss protection test:
　　 Close the field extinguish breaker, and the CB at 150KV side of main transformer and the one at the 6kv side of plant HV Aux. Transformer
　　 Stop the internal cold water pump. 30 seconds later, trip the breaker at 150kv side of main transformer, the one for field extinguish and the one for shunt branch of HV auxiliary transformer successively.
　　3.1.5.3.2.4 发-变组差动保护试验：合上灭磁开关、主变150KV开关、高厂变6KV侧开关、热机有关辅机开关放试验位置合上，汽机挂闸。启动差动保护出口，跳灭磁开关、主变150KV开关、高厂变6KV侧开关、跳机、停炉。
　　3.1.5.3.2.4 Generator-Transformer Unit Differential Protection Test:
　　 Close the field extinguish breaker, and the CB at 150KV side of main transformer and the one at the 6kv side of plant HV Aux. Transformer
　　 Set the breakers for thermal dynamic machine on test position and steam turbine latch
　　 Activate the differential protection outlet, and trip the de-excitation breaker and the one for 6kv HV auxiliary
　　 Trip and shut down the boiler.
　　3.1.5.3.2.5 发电机一次回路检修曾进行过可能改变相序的工作时，恢备前必须核对相位，正确后方准投入。
　　3.1.5.3.2.5 If there might have changes in phase sequence during in maintenance task in generator primary circuit, verify the phase angle prior to restoring normal operating.
　　3.1.5.4 发-变组升压前的准备操作
　　3.1.5.4 The preparation for the generator-transformer step-up unit
　　检查主变150KV母线侧断路器、中间侧断路器在断开位置；
　　Check and make sure that the CBs between 150KV bus side and HV side of transformer and the one at middle are all in closed position.
　　检查主变中性点接地良好；
　　Check and make sure that the neutral point is grounded well;
　　投入主变冷却系统，并选择主变各冷却器的运行方式；
　　Start the cooling system for main transformer and select associated operating mode for each cooler equipped for main transformer;
　　投入高厂变冷却系统，并检查高厂变低压侧高阻正常；
　　Start up HV auxiliary transformer and check if the resistor connected at secondary of it are normal high resistance or not;
　　投入发电机出口3组PT（一二次保险给好，送入工作位置）；
　　Put 3 set of PTs that fitted at generator outlet into operating (put in the fuse links for the primary and secondary fuse and make them in operating position);
　　将发电机出口避雷器推至工作位置；
　　Push the arrestor of generator outlet to operating position;
　　投入封闭母线微正压装置；
　　Put marginal positive pressure regulation device for enclosed &phase segregated bus into operating;
　　合上发电机中性点TV刀闸；
　　Close the disconnector that employed for generator neutral point PT;
　　送上励磁系统220V起励电源、380V交流辅助电源及110V直流电源；
　　Connect the power supply for 220V excitation power source of excitation system, and 380V AC auxiliary power source as well as 110V DC power source;
　　投运AVR励磁调节柜，合上各开关，给上各保险，启动励磁柜风机；
　　Activate AVR excitation control panel and close each breakers, put fuse links into fuse base and start up the fans for excitation panel;
　　合上整流柜交流侧、直流侧刀闸（需要确认）；
　　Close the dis-connectors at both AC and DC sides of rectifier panel(need confirmation);
　　投入励磁变冷却装置；
　　Start cooling device for excitation transformer;
　　将励磁系统切换到遥控；
　　Switch the excitation system into remote control mode;
　　合上发-变组控制、保护电源小空开；
　　Close the small vacuum switches for generator-transformer control and the protection power source;
　　检查并投入发-变组有关保护；
　　Check and put the relevant protection of generator-transformer unit into service;
　　检查发电机内冷水压力、流量，氢气压力均正常；投入发电机断水保护；
　　Check and make sure that the cold water pressure, flow and hydrogen pressure inside the generator are all normal; Activate water supply interruption protection into service;
　　合上灭磁开关的控制小开关；
　　Close the control small switch of field discharge switch;
　　检查主变150KV侧两台断路器处于热备用；
　　Check and make sure that the two circuit breakers at 150 side of main transformer are at thermal backup status;
　　当汽机升速达1500rpm时，应检查发电机碳刷无跳动、卡涩现象；
　　When steam turbine increases its speed to 1500rpm, check and make sure that generator carbon brush has no jumping and blocking.
　　3.1.5.5 发电机并列条件
　　3.1.5.5 The Conditions For connecting Generators in parallel
　　发电机电压与系统电压相近，电压差在±5％额定电压以内。
　　The generator voltage is close to the system voltage；the voltage difference is within ±5％ of the rated voltage.
　　发电机频率与系统频率相近，频率差在±0.2Hz以内
　　The generator frequency is close to the system frequency; the frequency difference is within ±0.2Hz.
　　发电机相序与系统相序一致,相位差不超过10-15°电气角度。
　　The phase sequence is in line with the system phase sequence; the phase difference cannot exceed 10-15°of the electric angle.
　　3.1.5.6 发-变组升压操作
　　3.1.5.6 Operating Generator-Transformer Unit
　　接值长发电机升压令；
　　Follow the instruction from shift leader to operate it;
　　确知发电机冷却系统、励磁系统均正常；
　　Confirm that both the generator cooling system and excitation system are normal;
　　检查发电机转速确在3000rpm；
　　Check and make sure that the rotating speed of generator is 3000rpm;
　　检查发-变组保护装置及有关保护投入正常；
　　Check and make sure that the protection device of the generator-transformer unit and relevant protection in running are normal;
　　检查主变150KV侧两台断路器处于热备用；
　　Check and make sure that the two circuit breakers at 150KV side of main transformer are under hot standby state;
　　在励磁画面上将发电机励磁系统方式选择开关合于自动(AUTO)位置；
　　Under the excitation dialogue, select Auto position for generator excitation system mode selection;
　　合上发电机灭磁开关；
　　Close generator field extinguish breaker;
　　在操作员站CRT上点击“启动励磁”；
　　Click Start up excitation on CRT at the operator station;
　　手动或自动方式将电压升至额定电压24KV。
　　Increase the voltage to the rated voltage 24KV manually or automatically;
　　检查发电机三相定子电流为零。
　　Check and make sure the three phase stator current of generator is zero.
　　3.1.5.7 发-变组并网操作
　　3.1.5.7 Synchronization Generator-Transformer Unit
　　发电机与系统的并列操作应由比较熟练的值班员进行操作，单元长监护进行；
　　This kind of operation should be done by a skillful operator and guarded by the unit leader;
　　DEH控制方式切换为“自动同期”方式，发电机的并列采用自动准同期方式进行；
　　The DEH control mode is switched into Auto Synchronization mode; the generator paralleling can utilize the automatic standard synchronization mode;
　　发电机并列前应检查自动准同期装置已投入正常；
　　Before the generator in parallel, check and make sure that the automatic synchronism device has been put into service normally;
　　发电机并列前检查发电机三相电压已正常；
　　Before the generator in parallel, check and make sure that the three phase voltage of generator is normal;
　　在操作员站CRT上选择并列点为母线侧断路器，用“顺控并网”方式并列；
　　Select the breaker at bus side as point to be in parallel via Sequential Control mode on CRT at operator station.
　　检查“顺控并网”画面“条件允许”满足；
　　Confirm that the conditions allowable under dialogue box sequential control synchronization;
　　点击顺控并网“开始”；
　　Click Start on Sequential Control Synchronization;
　　检查发电机主开关合上，恢复开关闭锁；
　　Confirm that the main switch of generator is closed and breaker block disabled
　　适当调整发电机无功功率；
　　Adjust the reactive power of generator appropriately;
　　退出发电机“误上电保护”、“启停机保护”压板；
　　Withdraw the pressed board “wrongly energized protection” and “startup & shutdown protection” of generator;
　　检查发电机自动带30MW有功负荷，按定子电压增加励磁电流；
　　Check and make sure that the generator has 30MW active load automatically; increase the excitation current according to the stator voltage;
　　根据值长命令进行中间侧断路器合环。
　　Close the circuit breaker at middle side under the command from the shift leader.
　　3.1.5.8 发-变组并网后的检查操作
　　3.1.5.8 The inspection operation after synchronization generator-transformer unit
　　发电机并列后应检查发电机各参数正常，负序电流不超过规定值；
　　After the generator paralleling, check and make sure that each parameters of generator is normal and the negative sequence current does not exceed the prescribed value;
　　发电机并列带负荷后，应重点检查发电机各部温度，发电机进出风温度、内冷水进出水温度正常，主变冷却装置正常；
　　After the generator is paralleled with load, pay attention to check and make sure that the temperature at each part of generator as well as the generator inlet and outlet air temperature and internal cold water inlet and outlet water temperature is normal. In addition, make sure that the cooling device of main transformer is normal;
　　发电机滑环与碳刷接触良好,无跳动、冒火、卡涩、过热现象；
　　The connection between the generator slipping ring and carbon brush is well without bouncing, sparkling, jamming and over heating;
　　发电机并网后应将厂用6KV工作电源分支开关恢复备用，并待负荷在100MW稳定后将6KV厂用母线电源切为厂高变运行，起备变恢复备用状态。（具体见《电气辅机运行手册》）
　　After the generator synchronization, the branch switch of service 6KV operating power source should be restored as backup. Besides, the 6KV service main bus power source should be switched into service high voltage transformer operation after the load is stabilized at 100MW. Afterward, start up the backup transformer and restore the backup status. (for the details see to The Operation Manual of Electric Auxiliary)
　　3.1.5.9 发电机升压和并网过程中的注意事项：
　　3.1.5.9 Cautious during the generator voltage increase and synchronization
　　发电机升压前必须检查一次回路完好，各接地刀闸、接地线已拆除；
　　Before increasing the voltage of generator, attention shall be paid on the primary circuit is complete and fine; moreover, all grounding disconnectors and grounding wires/cables be removed
　　发电机不允许在未充氢气和定子线圈未通水的情况下投入励磁升压；
　　It is not allowed to increase excitation voltage for generator under the conditions that hydrogen has not been filled or the stator coil has not been filled with water;
　　发电机内的氢气各参数应在规定的范围内，转速在额定转速下；
　　Each parameter of hydrogen inside the generator should be within the prescribed range while the rotating speed is under rated rotating speed;
　　发电机升压过程中，检查三相电压平衡，三相电流指示为空载电流值，即仅供给励磁变的电流，值约为50A左右；达到额定电压时，检查发电机转子电压和电流是否在空载额定值，应监视定子三相电流为零，无异常或事故信号；
　　During the process for increasing the voltage of generator, check and make sure that the three phase voltage is in symmetrical condition. The three phase current indication is the no-load current value, that is, the current only supplied for excitation variable and its value is about 50A; when the rated voltage is reached, check that whether the generator rotor voltage and current are at no-load rated value or not. In addition, monitor that the three phase current of stator is zero without abnormal condition or emergency signal.
　　在机组转速低于2950rpm时禁止投入励磁系统；对于额定转速下已经升压等待并网、已经解列准备停机或进行其他试验等情况下；如出现转速下降的情况，应立即断开灭磁开关；
　　When the rotating speed of the unit is lower than 2950rpm, it is forbidden to put the excitation system i8nto service. Immediately disconnect the field discharge switch if the rotating speed reduces under the following circumstances: the voltage is increased under the rated rotating speed and waiting for synchronization; it is ready for paralleling off and shut down or carry out other tests.
　　在升压过程中，发现定子电流升起或出现定子电压失控立即应断开发电机励磁回路，进行灭磁；
　　During the voltage increasing process, disconnect the generator excitation circuit to eliminate the magnetic field set up if it is found that the stator current increases or the stator voltage is out of control.
　　在发电机升压过程中，当转子电流、电压已达空载额定值，而定子电压未达到额定值时，或出现报警信号，应停止操作，退出励磁，查明原因；
　　During the process of increasing the voltage of generator, stop the operations, exit the excitation and find out the reason when the current and the voltage of rotor have already reached the no-load rated value, but the voltage of stator has not reached to the rated value or there is alarm signal;
　　发电机定子电压升起后，应检查定、转子回路的绝缘良好；
　　Finishing increased the voltage of generator stator, confirm that the insulation of stator and rotor circuit is well;
　　如果同期装置在并网过程中合闸指示灯亮，而主开关未合闸，应立即断开同期装置电源，查明原因；
　　If the closing indication light of synchronizing device is on during the synchronization process but the main switch has not closed, disconnect the power source of synchronizing device immediately and fine out the reason;
　　并网瞬间要密切监视三相电流、负序电流、有功、无功等主要参数，防止并网时主开关非全相动作；发电机并网后，检查机组自动带30MW初负荷，检查无功在正常范围内；
　　In the instance of synchronization, closely monitor the three phase current, negative sequence current, active power and reactive power and other main parameters. In this way, it can prevent the main switch from non-full phase act; after the generator synchronization, check and make sure that the unit is with 30MW of the initial load automatically and the reactive power is within the normal range;
　　机组并网后，有功负荷的增加速度应根据机炉情况，按值长令执行；
　　After the unit synchronization, the increasing speed of active load is depended on the turbine and boiler condition and executed by the shift leader;
　　并网后，应按规定进行初负荷暖机；
　　After the synchronization, carry out the warming-up with initial load according to regulations;
　　机组并网后，检查定子冷却系统、氢气冷却系统运行正常；
　　After the unit synchronization, check and make sure that the cooling system of stator and hydrogen operate normally;
　　机组负荷增加至80MW时，经值长同意将厂用电切换至高压厂用变供电。
　　When the unit load increases to 80MW, switch over the service power into high voltage service transformer power supply under approve of the shift leader.
　　3.1.6 发-变组的运行维护
　　3.1.6 Operation and maintenance of generator-transformer unit
　　3.1.6.1 发电机的运行维护
　　3.1.6.1 The operation and maintenance of generator
　　3.1.6.1.1发电机电压、频率和功率因数的规定
　　3.1.6.1.1 The regulations on the voltage, frequency and power factor of generator
　　发电机正常运行时，应维持发电机电压在额定值24KV，允许电压变动范围为24KV±5%。发电机最高允许运行电压不得大于额定值的110%，并不得使过激磁动作，发电机最低运行电压应根据稳定运行要求确定，一般不低于额定值的90%。发电机电压下降到低于额定值的95%时，定子电流长时期允许的数值，仍不得超过额定值的105%，并且转子电流不得超过额定值。
　　During the normal operation of generator, maintain the generator voltage at the rated value 24KV and the allowable voltage changing range as 24KV±5%. The highest allowable operating voltage of generator cannot be higher than 110%, and it can not trigger overexcitation protective device. The lowest operating voltage of generator will be confirmed according to the requirements of stable operation, which generally is not less than 90% of rated value. When the generator voltage reduces to 95% of rated value, the long-term allowable value of stator current cannot exceed 105% of the rated value while the current of rotor cannot exceed the rated value.
　　发电机正常运行时, 应维持发电机频率定值50HZ，允许频率在50±0.1HZ范围内的变化，频率变化时,发电机定、转子电流及各部温度应不超过额定值。周波变动范围未超过0.5Hz时，发电机可按额定容量运行。
　　During the normal operation of generator, maintain the frequency set point of generator at 50HZ and allow the frequency change in the range of 50±0.1HZ. When the frequency changes, the current of generator stator and rotor and the temperature at each part should not exceed the rated value. When the variable range of periodicity does not exceed 0.5Hz, the generator can operate based on the rated capacity.
　　机组的频率特性，由供方提供,在发电机寿命期间，当频率变化时机组允许运行时间如下表（如与汽轮机允许运行频率不一致，则取安全数值）：
　　The frequency characteristic of the unit can be supplied by the supplier. During the lifespan of generator, when the frequency changes, the allowable operating time of the unit is as follow (if it is out of line with the steam turbine allowable operating frequency, the safety value should be chose):
　　

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