目 次
前言················································································································································· Ⅱ
1 范围·············································································································································· 1
2 规范性引用文件···························································································································· 1
3 术语和定义··································································································································· 1
4 试验装置······································································································································· 2
5 试验用仪表··································································································································· 3
6 试验方法和要求···························································································································· 4
7 数据记录······································································································································· 6
8 试验结果······································································································································· 7
附录A(资料性附录) 淋水填料和除水器试验用的冷却塔图·························································· 13
附录B(资料性附录) 圆形截面的管道等面积环············································································ 15
附录C(资料性附录) 堰··············································································································· 17
前 言
本标准是根据国家发展和改革委员会办公厅《关于下达2003年行业标准项目补充计划的通知》(发改办工业[2003]873号文)安排制订的。
GB/T7190《玻璃钢纤维增强塑料冷却塔》及DL/T742《冷却塔塑料部件技术条件》主要是针对冷却塔部件的材质物理力学性能、冷却塔整体的热力性能而制定的。冷却塔淋水填料的热力性能及阻力性能、除水器的飘水率及阻力性能、喷溅装置的水力学性能在上述标准中考虑较少。针对上述问题,为了使冷却塔淋水填料、除水器、喷溅装置的性能在试验室试验时有统一的标准,特制订本标准。
本标准的附录A、附录B、附录C均为资料性附录。
本标准由中国电力企业联合会提出。
本标准由电力行业电站汽轮机标准化技术委员会归口并解释。
本标准起草单位:西安热工研究院有限公司。
本标准主要起草人:胡三季、陈玉玲。
冷却塔淋水填料、除水器、喷溅装置
性能试验方法
1 范围
本标准规定了试验室冷却塔淋水填料的热力性能及阻力性能、除水器的阻力性能及飘水率、喷溅装置的水力学性能试验方法。
本标准适用于湿式逆流式冷却塔、湿式横流式冷却塔中使用的淋水填料、除水器、喷溅装置。
2 规范性引用文件
下列文件中的条款通过本标准的引用而成为本标准的条款。凡是注日期的引用文件,其随后所有的修改单(不包括勘误的内容)或修订版均不适用于本标准,然而,鼓励根据本标准达成协议的各方研究是否可使用这些文件的最新版本。凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本适应于本标准。
GB/T2624流量测量节流装置 用孔板、喷嘴和文丘里管测量充满圆管的流体流量
3 术语和定义
下列术语和定义适用于本标准。
3.1
淋水填料 packing
将配水系统喷溅下来的热水,以水膜或水滴的形式,最大限度地增加水和空气的接触面积和时间的装置。
3.2
除水器 drift eliminator
用来阻止出塔空气中所夹带水滴的装置。
3.3
喷溅装置 sprayer
也称喷头,是把水尽可能均匀地喷洒在淋水填料上的装置。
3.4
热力性能方程式 thermal performance equation
以淋水填料散热性能冷却数W与气水比l[W=f(l)],或以淋水填料散质系数Ka与通风密度g、淋水密度q[Ka=f(g,q)]表示的方程式。
3.5
阻力性能方程式 resistance performance equation
以淋水填料阻力Dp、进塔空气密度r1与淋水填料处平均风速vcp、淋水密度q[Dp/r1=f(vcp,q)]表示的方程式。
以除水器阻力Dh、进塔空气密度r1与除水器处平均风速vc[Dh/r1=f(vc)]表示的方程式。
3.6
飘水率 drifting ratio
单位时间内除水器飘出的水量与进塔水量之比,通常以百分数表示。
3.7
干球温度 dry-bulb temperature
在当地气温条件下,用通风干湿表所测的空气温度称为干球温度,单位以“℃”表示。
3.8
湿球温度 wet-bulb temperature
在当地气温条件下,用通风干湿表所测的液体蒸发达到稳定状态时的温度称为湿球温度,单位以“℃”表示。
3.9
相对湿度 relative humidity
空气中实际的水蒸气分压力与同温度下饱和状态空气的水蒸气分压力之比,通常以百分数表示。
3.10
大气压力 atmospheric pressure
由大气的质量所产生的压强,单位以“hPa”或“kPa”表示。
3.11
热水温度 hot water temperature
经过加热从喷溅装置流出的水温度,单位以“℃”表示。
3.12
冷水温度(出塔水温) cold water temperature
经过喷溅装置、淋水填料、塔尾部冷却后的水温度,单位以“℃”表示。
3.13
水温差 cooled range
热水和冷水温度之差,单位以“℃”表示。
3.14
淋水密度 water drenching density
单位时间内通过每平方米淋水填料水平断面的水流量,单位通常以“t/(m2·h)”或“kg/(m2·h)”表示。
3.15
通风密度 air passing density
单位时间内通过每平方米淋水填料断面的空气质量流量,单位通常以“kg/(m2·s)”或“t/(m2·h)”表示。
3.16
气水比 dry air/water ratio
干空气流量与冷却水流量之比。
3.17
流量系数 coefficient of flow
计算喷头流量时所用的修正系数。
3.18
溅水均匀分布系数 homoyeneous coefficient of spraying distribution
以单一喷头的径向水量为依据,取一代表性区域为统计范围,将所有邻近喷头对该区域所涉及到的各微元面积上的落水量进行叠加,得到该区域以微元为单位的水量分布状态,再进行均方差计算。也可称喷头组合均布系数或均方差。
4 试验装置
4.1 试验塔
4.1.1 试验塔的作用及构成